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Bariatric surgery, also known as weight loss surgery, is a surgical procedure performed to help people lose weight by reducing the size of the stomach or altering the digestive system. The most common types of bariatric surgery include Gastric Bypass, Sleeve Gastrectomy, and adjustable gastric banding.
Surgical methods done to lower body weight are referred to as “Bariatric Surgery” also we can say weight loss surgery. It has been demonstrated to be the exclusive method of treating morbid obesity.
Guidelines for weight loss surgury were created by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Consensus in 1991 for patients with BMIs greater than 35 kg/m2 and severe obesity-related comorbidities, as well as for BMIs greater than 40 kg/m2 with or without comorbidities.
These recommendations are particularly severe for Asian patients because it has been found that Asians (including Indians) have a higher percentage of body fat than their Caucasian counterparts and are more susceptible to metabolic problems linked to obesity. For Asians, the recommended BMI ranges for bariatric surgery are 32.5 kg/m2 or higher with severe obesity-related comorbidity and 37.5 kg/m2 or higher with or without comorbidity. The two main categories of bariatric surgery are malabsorptive and restrictive.
Bariatric surgery also called weight loss surgery, includes several operations to help obese people shed pounds by changing their digestive system. Doctors think about these surgeries when diets, workouts, and pills haven’t worked, and the person’s BMI stands at 35 or above. Often, these patients also have health issues like diabetes high blood pressure, or sleep apnea.
The 2022 ASMBS/IFSO guideline, which replaced the older 1991 NIH criteria, recommends surgery for adults with a BMI of 35 or above, whether or not they have other health problems. It says surgery should be considered at a BMI of 30 to 34.9 when metabolic disease such as type 2 diabetes is present. For Asian populations, it advises offering surgery from a BMI of 27.5.
For people with a lower BMI, the guideline advises trying non-surgical treatment first. The final decision is made after a medical assessment. Check and read the Candidacy Guide.
Each operation works differently, and the right one depends on your BMI, health conditions and goals.
No single procedure is the safest for everyone. Procedures offered at the clinic:
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Procedure
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How it works
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Possible benefits
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Main risks
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Sleeve gastrectomy
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Part of the stomach is removed, leaving a narrow tube
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Smaller stomach, reduced appetite
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Acid reflux, leak
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Gastric bypass
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A small pouch is joined to the small intestine
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Weight loss; may improve type 2 diabetes
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Nutrient deficiencies, dumping syndrome
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Mini gastric bypass
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A longer pouch is joined to the intestine at one point
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Weight loss with one connection
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Bile reflux, nutrient deficiencies
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Intragastric balloon
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A temporary balloon is placed in the stomach, without surgery
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Short-term help with portion control
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Nausea, discomfort, removal needed
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Metabolic surgery for diabetes
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Bypass-type operations used when obesity and type 2 diabetes occur together
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May improve blood sugar control
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Same as the chosen operation
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All of these need lifelong follow-up and, in some cases, vitamin supplements.
The cost is not one fixed figure. It depends on the type of surgery, the hospital and room type, tests before surgery, the surgeon’s fee, insurance coverage and follow-up care. Some insurers cover bariatric surgery if you meet their criteria. Ask for a written estimate before you decide.
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Pre-Operative and Post-Operative Care
Patients undergoing bariatric surgery must be carefully evaluated and prepared prior to surgery. They need close follow-up and support after surgery to ensure proper healing and to help them achieve their weight loss goals.
Changes in Lifestyle
Bariatric surgery is not a miracle cure for obesity. To maintain their weight loss and improve their health, patients must make significant lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet and engaging in regular physical activity.
Gastric Banding that can be Adjusted
Adjustable gastric banding involves wrapping a small pouch around the top of the stomach with an adjustable band. The band can be tightened or loosened to control the amount of food that can be held in the stomach.
Duodenal Switch Biliopancreatic Diversion
Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch is a more complicated type of bariatric surgery that entails a sleeve gastrectomy as well as rerouting the small intestine to the remaining portion of the stomach. This surgery results in greater weight loss than other types of bariatric surgery, but it also carries a higher risk of complications.
Revised Surgery
Revisional bariatric surgery is a type of bariatric surgery performed on patients who have previously had weight loss surgery but have experienced complications or are not meeting their weight loss goals.
Psychological Assessment
Patients undergo a thorough psychological evaluation before undergoing bariatric surgery to ensure that they are mentally prepared for the significant lifestyle changes required for long-term success.
Groups of Support
Many bariatric surgery programmes provide pre- and post-surgery support groups. These groups offer patients education, resources, and emotional support to help them reach their weight loss goals and live a healthy lifestyle.
Long-Term Effects
Although bariatric surgery can result in significant weight loss and improvements in obesity-related health conditions, long-term success is contingent on patients making significant lifestyle changes and adhering to follow-up care and support.
Frequently Asked Questions -:
Dr. Achal Agrawal is an experienced bariatric surgeon in Indore offering advanced weight loss procedures, personalized treatment plans, and comprehensive post-surgery care to help patients achieve long-term results.
We offer Sleeve Gastrectomy, Gastric Bypass, Mini Gastric Bypass, Adjustable Gastric Banding, and other advanced bariatric procedures. The most suitable option is recommended after a detailed medical evaluation.
If diet and exercise have not helped you achieve lasting weight loss and you have a high BMI or obesity-related health conditions, a consultation with Dr. Achal Agrawal can determine whether weight loss surgery is the right option.
It depends on your case. Look for surgical and bariatric training, steady experience with your procedure, ICU back-up, honest talk about risks and genuine reviews. Dr. Achal Agrawal, consultant laparoscopic and bariatric surgeon at Indore Laparoscopy Center, Indore, is one surgeon you can meet. Read about bariatric surgeon in Indore.
It depends on your BMI, health conditions, eating habits and goals. Sleeve, bypass and balloon suit different patients, and no option is safest for everyone. Your surgeon decides after tests and a consultation, so book an assessment before choosing.
Wondering if you qualify? Meet Dr. Achal Agrawal, share your health history and get a plan that fits you.
